Simulation Pregnant Games

On increasing the Underground Economy!

For Black economy, means the system of exchange of goods that remain outside the control of the state. ... Or, to all economic activities in a hidden way to the Treasury, so it does not appear in official statistics and, therefore, not taxed.

Al mind and due to the dramatic rise in unemployment, has caused the economy to trigger a 30% since July, according to estimates from the Labour Inspectorate and Social Security.

This is the result of an investigation start before summer by the Ministry headed by Don Celestino Corbacho, which was intensified by 30% actions on economy (basically, companies with workers without high on Social Security, lower wages than legal, poor safety and health at work and companies used by foreigners without work permits).

The sample is, in the amount of fines imposed on companies and workers, the Inspectorate expects to raise more than 300 million euros, a historical figure was not reached before. Last year, in crisis, raised 292 million.

The sectors in which there has been a further increase in the underground economy is the hospitality and services and agriculture, plus construction. "The increase in unemployment puts people in precarious situations and agrees to do things in a normal situation or arise," said Don Carlos Moyano union president Inspectorate of Labour and Social.

Moyano ensures that we are seeing situations that years ago were gone. "For example, he says, " we enter into a work and the workers jump from the scaffold and run away to avoid being caught. It was an image not seen for 10 years or more. "

In the field, the actions are done with the help of the Guardia Civil, so that workers are less likely to flee. A dramatic situation, as Moyano, which mostly blames employers. "It is clear that no worker wants to make his work in such conditions, but the situation forces him and entrepreneurs take advantage. "

Geographically the largest number of inspections and fines have been produced in Andalusia (which has the largest share of agriculture) and Catalonia, Madrid and Valencia (the three communities that include more leisure facilities).

According to the experts consulted, the economy of black money in Spain, the World Bank in 2007 amounted 22.6% of GDP, and the could exceed 25%, equivalent to 250,000 million, a figure much higher.

Therefore, an important thing to consider. Trust policy to be made efficient so that through SMEs, to return to employment generation. And so our economy.

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About the Sicav!! On the Andalusian Economy

soon begin the school year at IES Levante and again classes Economy and Business Economics . However, I have received some emails from students who are interested in something that gets a lot lately in the media, and are not anything but the Sicav , the Capital Investment Company variable. And let them talk.

A SICAV (Investment Company with Variable Capital) is a collective investment vehicle (IIC if we use the terminology of the English regulations for investment funds), under English law (there are also European Sicav, Luxembourg and French majority, with the same performance than the English, to be European UCITS). They operate almost like an investment fund, though much less known.

Therefore, we can define as collective investment institutions of a financial nature in the form of limited company whose business is investment in financial assets and instruments.
It also allows channel investments through a flexible instrument that perfectly fits the risk profile of each client.

The SICAV is an ideal instrument to channel private savings in order to obtain the best financial performance and optimize the fiscal impact.
(photo: advertising sales Sicav)

Small differences in relation to an investment fund:

is governed by a General Meeting where they go all shareholders (investors) and a Council Management Act (SA)
- The Sicav automatically expand or reduce capital daily as investors buy or sell new shares they have. All have daily liquidity.
- The Sicav, publicly traded, but not in the continuous market, but in the MAB (Alternative Investment Market). So to buy shares of any Sicav, you need a brokerage account and transfer the order to your broker as if they were shares of Telefónica for example.
The SICAV, as well as the Funds may have different investment philosophy, 100% in fixed income, 100% on the exchange, joint investment, etc ....

Capital minimum to be a Sicav is 2,400,000 Euros and must have a minimum of 100 investors. In these times of insecurity bank, no more safe and secure assets that the Funds and Sicav Investment and Pension Funds, by having their assets protected by the Depository and separated from the balance sheets of banks and savings .

In practice there are two types of investment companies in the market, which are owned by large fortunes of the country, Emilio Botin, Amancio Ortega, Alicia Koplovitz, the Entrecanales, the Del Pino or Andika Isaak has their own Sicav, and therefore not actively traded to any investor, and the Sicav are actively marketed to investors as any country's investment fund. Koala Capital Sicav, is an example of this second type.

As with the funds, the current market crisis has cooled the creation of new Sicav, in fact for the first time in many years are closing more Sicav of which are created. Precisely for this reason, these days, there are several questions that people ask about these societies. For example:

What are the advantages of these investment companies?
exchange for the above requirements, benefit from a tax rate in the tax Companies 1%, compared with 30% of large companies and 25% of SMEs. However, the taxation of the sale of shares and capital gains, is like that of other investments, 18%. And the dividends to be distributed, do not entitle the recipient to deduct.

And why criticize?
For obvious reasons, the Sicav were created to encourage collective investment. However, that nature has become many times in a trap, because a single shareholder provides the majority of capital and the other 99 (or more) are simple "extras" to achieve the required minimum.
This means that in practice, a single fortunate to benefit from favorable taxation.

How much money managed?
the end of 2008, according to the latest data available on the CNMV , portfolio investment in the SICAV stood at 22.483 million euros, compared with 30,684 (poor little rich) a year earlier. The total assets, meanwhile, fell by 20.7% to 24.942 million euros.

Can anyone have a Sicav?
Theoretically yes, provided that the minimum required to invest in each company as marking the statutes. This minimum is usually greater than 3000 euros.

" Those with Sicav?
Well, apparently, very rich and famous such as Amancio Ortega, the Koplowitz, the Del Pino family or Entrecanales etc.
And lately, came out in the media a list that was composed by: Alicia Koplowitz, Juan Abello, Manuel Jove, José Lladró, Pedro Almodovar, Ram Bahvnani, Ramón Martínez, Luis Batalla, Luis Muñoz Deuve, Perfecto Palacio de la Fuente, the Fernandez Somoza, the Hernandez Barrera, the Serratosa Caturla, the Suñer ... Well, have lost 106.9 million euros Madoff in the scam.

I hope that from now you may have some idea of \u200b\u200bwhat these last few weeks, at home, and on the street and the media are talking about. Perhaps because it has opened a debate where some think it would be good to increase the deductions in these societies and others, do not consider it wise, for the possible flight of capital.