Money - Pink Floyd
Post, para ejercicio de los tres grupos de 2 º Bachillerato Economics and Business Organization, Levante- IES Algeciras (Cádiz ) . Groups: Maslow, W. Ouchi and Grupaire .
Currently, consumers have no need to travel to other countries to buy products that previously have or could have known. For their part, marketers have found a method almost "magical" to bring their products to a wide customer base without falling into the costs and paperwork until a few years ago could not have been avoided. Thanks to the Internet, offering travel products for cyberspace anywhere in the world and likewise conducts its business operations in a minimum of time and hassle.
The ever increasing use and spread of information technologies and so-called Knowledge Management, by a significant number of companies operating in diverse sectors of economic activity. (Many of them, however, new, small, high flexibility and com called point) gave origins in the late nineties of the twentieth century the end the New Economy.
Before I comment both The New Economy and the E-Commerce, and before discussing whether the technology is the largest element of the condition and extent of globalization ; should explain a number of factors relating to globalization .
Firstly it is important to know what is meant by globalization , it is a dynamic process of increasing freedom and global integration product of the progressive elimination of trade barriers, deregulation the financial markets and especially the technological revolution that has reduced very significantly the costs of information processing and communications international.
All these factors have led to a situation where markets are global and increasing interdependence of national economies.
Much of the globalization process has been exercised by large multinational companies ; they are installed in a large number of countries and lead to increased trade and capital flows between them, resulting in growing markets integrated and contributing to the standardization of techniques producción.El globalization process has been driven by two factors: technological developments and the liberalization of trade in goods, services and capital.
However, there are different views on what has been the fundamental factor in the phenomenon. Technological improvements relating to transport, communications and information technology have helped reduce costs thus reducing barriers to trade and investment. This section should be noted that reducing the cost of air transport, maritime and land has been much lower than that associated with information technologies. Economic policy measures (treated preferential agreements, etc. ..) carried out between different countries have led trade liberalization, since most industrial countries have eliminated most controls on international capital movements, the process came largely caused by technological innovations that made it increasingly difficult to control flows capital.
In the words of International Monetary Fund (IMF ), which was the main driving force of globalization argues that the decline in transportation and communication costs were feasible from a technological point of view of globalization but were the decisions taken by national governments that enabled the flow of goods of goods and services, capital, technology, knowledge and workers.
A question asked many people is whether the economic globalization is beneficial, this process has supporters and detractors.
The general impression is that the process of globalization is beneficial to the entire world economy, since the process of globalization has coincided with an increase in income per capita worldwide.
Among the advantages that globalization has meant find: more choices for companies and cosumidores when choosing inputs and outputs, increased eficiecia , promotes technological innovation and therefore productivity, all this involves a higher wage increases and economic growth. also noteworthy that the globalization has allowed economies of scale and that each country specializes in those products whose resources were better equipped to compete in international markets.
The globalization also carries negative economic effects, among which include being increasing the gap between rich and poor, that is, all these movements of capital will go mainly to developed countries thus increasing the difference between rich and poor countries, another negative effect will that have to endure the less-skilled the developed countries as they will have difficulty adapting to new technologies.
However, we can conclude that there are many more who gain from globalization that the losers.
So the New Economy business reality means a particular set, first, by the intensive use of Internet (the network of networks) applied to business and, secondly, by creating a stock market benchmark ( the Nasdaq )
Therefore, we could define the New Economy: " It is an economy based on knowledge and information as the basis of production, productivity and competitiveness within a company is very common to see this new economy is used, as they take advantage of all those people with experience and are used for their knowledge are disseminated to others and keep trained people in a simple way, is also known as the knowledge economy "
The New Economy has three basic features were examined:
• focuses on information and knowledge as bases of production, productivity and competitiveness.
• Is a global economy, production and management of goods and services are organized on a global level.
• The network is the system of organization in the New Economy.
As a result, created a new concept of commerce, eCommerce . We will then three definitions that seem appropriate at the end .......
Electronic Commerce:
• "It is the application of advanced information technology to increase efficiency in business relationships between trading partners. "( Action Automotive Group in North America )
•" The availability of a business vision supported by advanced information technology to improve efficiency and effectiveness within the business process. "(EC Innovation Centre)
•" Is the use of computer and telecommunications technologies (ICT *) which takes place between companies or well between sellers and buyers, to support trade in goods and services. "
Combining these definitions we can say that electronic commerce is a modern business methodology that detects the need for companies, traders and consumers to reduce costs and improve the quality of goods and services and improve delivery time the goods or services.
Electronic commerce using a wide range of technologies including:
• Electronic Data Interchange (EDI - Electronic Data Interchange )
• Electronic Mail (E-mail or Electronic Mail )
• Wire Transfer of Funds (EFT - Electronic Funds Transfer )
• Internet Applications: Web , News , Gopher, Archie
• Voice Applications: Mailboxes, Server
• Transfer
files • Computer Design and Manufacturing (CAD / CAM ) Multimedia
• Advertising • Electronic Boards
• Videoconferencing
At the same time, we can distinguish the different forms of electronic commerce: business to business ( B2B), business to consumer ( B2C), consumer to business (C2B , consumer to consumer (C2C ) business government (B2G); government to consumer (G2C).
B2B model is " sell and buy from other online business through Extranets and Internet.Los businesses can communicate with each other for trade transactions, place orders, check inventory status and plan their production according to the times .. . It also allows focusing transactions, electronic payment systems, payroll, requests for orders between companies. "
In the model of B2C consumer business includes online sales. Among its key attributes include facilitating the buying cycle, contributing to the establishment of an open market, working on a hybrid system, a direct relationship with the client.
companies that sell software, electronic information, graphics, etc., working under this model.
For its part, the model C2B , consumer to business, allows consumers to offer products and online services business. Its main features are: specialized services, to help open markets, promote the development of the individual transactions where the company offers products. Under this model
operate independent professionals.
C2C model , consumer to consumer, allows the exchange of goods and services among consumers. its main features are: enabling direct transactions between individuals, contribute to the open market using advanced technology to lower costs, develop relationships involving direct transactions between customers.
For its part, the model B2G business to government, "allows the lead in product line and services to the government. The main characteristics of this business model include transparency in the development of calls and tenders, faster development of procedures, the government can find the best prices and terms of payment.
model G2C, government to consumer, allows the government to develop a series of useful online services to citizens ... provides administrative procedures to the public, open new channels for revenue collection.
There are other divisions or classifications of electronic commerce:
a) E-Commerce indirect : In this type of electronic commerce, the object of the transaction is a good or traditional physical product that is named telematic means that the parties used to exchange information and then embody the traditional media business to deliver the good or service.
b) Direct E-Commerce : This class deals with goods or services that are electronic in themselves. Both the transaction as the supply of goods or service, is done directly through the Internet, for example, the purchase of software, legal services, music, books, movies, etc.
The difference between these two kinds of electronic commerce has significant legal implications, especially in the fiscal area, as in the direct sales taxation taxes is a problem, the difficulty of controlling the sales made through this medium.
Keep in mind that the participation of business change agents in this trade, which simulates the traditional: a seller, a buyer and a series of intermediaries, as agents, brokers and other trading assistants.
However, there is no doubt that the involvement of intermediaries has been significantly minimized. We can say that their roles have changed, have become a process of adaptation which have resorted to new ways of delivering their services.
For example, Amazon . Com was engaged in traditional book sales and is now a Department Store on the Internet. It is a successful broker, since it is not a producer. Your business is to apply a number of offers, newsletters, etc. to attract customers.
Internet has tended to make reality more than ever the principle of "perfect competition " of capitalist society, in which a market operates in optimal conditions when the product information flows freely to consumers and the market is guided only by the invisible hand of supply and demand, as advocated Adam Smith .
markets are not really free, they have been influenced by the monopolies that are inclined to the merchant.
On the Internet, by contrast, national and international information available to the consumer, who may opt for the best option. For example, MySimon. com provides information for users to compare broadly the best deals.
Internet has reduced the problem of asymmetric information, it has leveled the balance of power between consumers and suppliers, changing, in a way, the rules of trade.
Subjects participating in the relationship business computing
The trade relationship in the world of Internet has a large number of subjects directly or indirectly involved in the transactions, but the most important are:
Searches:
Content Providers: They are the authors, publishers and other owners of rights to place their works on the network. Are primarily interested in conjunction with software companies in a strong copyright protection in the network.
Service Providers: This is the common name for two types of subjects:
- providers of services to users, and
- additional service providers, which in addition to access, provide certain services, such as page content, whether produced by themselves or by third parties.
Network Providers: Are those who provide the "access provider" and "host service provider , communication lines to lower the network information.
Users:
are those who have access to information and use the various features of the network. It is consumers, who find that electronic commerce, saving time and money and more power of choice in the amount of information that are offered, with the advantage of not having to physically the merchant site. However, they also are faced with problems such as fraud, misleading and biased contracts. These potentials are particularly prone to damage the called " beginners" who are novice users, or those who are fighting for the first time a PC and their basic uses and enter the information networks. In this and in any transaction or no market is free.
(*) The information technology and communication (ICT) are a set of services, networks, software and devices that are aimed at improving the quality of lives of people within an environment, and integrate a system of interconnected and complementary information. ...
Currently, consumers have no need to travel to other countries to buy products that previously have or could have known. For their part, marketers have found a method almost "magical" to bring their products to a wide customer base without falling into the costs and paperwork until a few years ago could not have been avoided. Thanks to the Internet, offering travel products for cyberspace anywhere in the world and likewise conducts its business operations in a minimum of time and hassle. The ever increasing use and spread of information technologies and so-called Knowledge Management, by a significant number of companies operating in diverse sectors of economic activity. (Many of them, however, new, small, high flexibility and com called point) gave origins in the late nineties of the twentieth century the end the New Economy.
Before I comment both The New Economy and the E-Commerce, and before discussing whether the technology is the largest element of the condition and extent of globalization ; should explain a number of factors relating to globalization .
Firstly it is important to know what is meant by globalization , it is a dynamic process of increasing freedom and global integration product of the progressive elimination of trade barriers, deregulation the financial markets and especially the technological revolution that has reduced very significantly the costs of information processing and communications international.
All these factors have led to a situation where markets are global and increasing interdependence of national economies.
Much of the globalization process has been exercised by large multinational companies ; they are installed in a large number of countries and lead to increased trade and capital flows between them, resulting in growing markets integrated and contributing to the standardization of techniques producción.El globalization process has been driven by two factors: technological developments and the liberalization of trade in goods, services and capital.
However, there are different views on what has been the fundamental factor in the phenomenon. Technological improvements relating to transport, communications and information technology have helped reduce costs thus reducing barriers to trade and investment. This section should be noted that reducing the cost of air transport, maritime and land has been much lower than that associated with information technologies. Economic policy measures (treated preferential agreements, etc. ..) carried out between different countries have led trade liberalization, since most industrial countries have eliminated most controls on international capital movements, the process came largely caused by technological innovations that made it increasingly difficult to control flows capital.
In the words of International Monetary Fund (IMF ), which was the main driving force of globalization argues that the decline in transportation and communication costs were feasible from a technological point of view of globalization but were the decisions taken by national governments that enabled the flow of goods of goods and services, capital, technology, knowledge and workers.
A question asked many people is whether the economic globalization is beneficial, this process has supporters and detractors.
The general impression is that the process of globalization is beneficial to the entire world economy, since the process of globalization has coincided with an increase in income per capita worldwide.
Among the advantages that globalization has meant find: more choices for companies and cosumidores when choosing inputs and outputs, increased eficiecia , promotes technological innovation and therefore productivity, all this involves a higher wage increases and economic growth. also noteworthy that the globalization has allowed economies of scale and that each country specializes in those products whose resources were better equipped to compete in international markets. The globalization also carries negative economic effects, among which include being increasing the gap between rich and poor, that is, all these movements of capital will go mainly to developed countries thus increasing the difference between rich and poor countries, another negative effect will that have to endure the less-skilled the developed countries as they will have difficulty adapting to new technologies.
However, we can conclude that there are many more who gain from globalization that the losers.
So the New Economy business reality means a particular set, first, by the intensive use of Internet (the network of networks) applied to business and, secondly, by creating a stock market benchmark ( the Nasdaq )
Therefore, we could define the New Economy: " It is an economy based on knowledge and information as the basis of production, productivity and competitiveness within a company is very common to see this new economy is used, as they take advantage of all those people with experience and are used for their knowledge are disseminated to others and keep trained people in a simple way, is also known as the knowledge economy "
The New Economy has three basic features were examined:
• focuses on information and knowledge as bases of production, productivity and competitiveness.
• Is a global economy, production and management of goods and services are organized on a global level.
• The network is the system of organization in the New Economy.
As a result, created a new concept of commerce, eCommerce . We will then three definitions that seem appropriate at the end .......
Electronic Commerce:
• "It is the application of advanced information technology to increase efficiency in business relationships between trading partners. "( Action Automotive Group in North America )
•" The availability of a business vision supported by advanced information technology to improve efficiency and effectiveness within the business process. "(EC Innovation Centre)
•" Is the use of computer and telecommunications technologies (ICT *) which takes place between companies or well between sellers and buyers, to support trade in goods and services. "
Combining these definitions we can say that electronic commerce is a modern business methodology that detects the need for companies, traders and consumers to reduce costs and improve the quality of goods and services and improve delivery time the goods or services.
Electronic commerce using a wide range of technologies including: • Electronic Data Interchange (EDI - Electronic Data Interchange )
• Electronic Mail (E-mail or Electronic Mail )
• Wire Transfer of Funds (EFT - Electronic Funds Transfer )
• Internet Applications: Web , News , Gopher, Archie
• Voice Applications: Mailboxes, Server
• Transfer
files • Computer Design and Manufacturing (CAD / CAM ) Multimedia
• Advertising • Electronic Boards
• Videoconferencing
At the same time, we can distinguish the different forms of electronic commerce: business to business ( B2B), business to consumer ( B2C), consumer to business (C2B , consumer to consumer (C2C ) business government (B2G); government to consumer (G2C).
B2B model is " sell and buy from other online business through Extranets and Internet.Los businesses can communicate with each other for trade transactions, place orders, check inventory status and plan their production according to the times .. . It also allows focusing transactions, electronic payment systems, payroll, requests for orders between companies. "
In the model of B2C consumer business includes online sales. Among its key attributes include facilitating the buying cycle, contributing to the establishment of an open market, working on a hybrid system, a direct relationship with the client.
companies that sell software, electronic information, graphics, etc., working under this model.
For its part, the model C2B , consumer to business, allows consumers to offer products and online services business. Its main features are: specialized services, to help open markets, promote the development of the individual transactions where the company offers products. Under this model
operate independent professionals.
C2C model , consumer to consumer, allows the exchange of goods and services among consumers. its main features are: enabling direct transactions between individuals, contribute to the open market using advanced technology to lower costs, develop relationships involving direct transactions between customers.
For its part, the model B2G business to government, "allows the lead in product line and services to the government. The main characteristics of this business model include transparency in the development of calls and tenders, faster development of procedures, the government can find the best prices and terms of payment.
model G2C, government to consumer, allows the government to develop a series of useful online services to citizens ... provides administrative procedures to the public, open new channels for revenue collection.
There are other divisions or classifications of electronic commerce:
a) E-Commerce indirect : In this type of electronic commerce, the object of the transaction is a good or traditional physical product that is named telematic means that the parties used to exchange information and then embody the traditional media business to deliver the good or service.
b) Direct E-Commerce : This class deals with goods or services that are electronic in themselves. Both the transaction as the supply of goods or service, is done directly through the Internet, for example, the purchase of software, legal services, music, books, movies, etc.
The difference between these two kinds of electronic commerce has significant legal implications, especially in the fiscal area, as in the direct sales taxation taxes is a problem, the difficulty of controlling the sales made through this medium.
Keep in mind that the participation of business change agents in this trade, which simulates the traditional: a seller, a buyer and a series of intermediaries, as agents, brokers and other trading assistants.
However, there is no doubt that the involvement of intermediaries has been significantly minimized. We can say that their roles have changed, have become a process of adaptation which have resorted to new ways of delivering their services.
For example, Amazon . Com was engaged in traditional book sales and is now a Department Store on the Internet. It is a successful broker, since it is not a producer. Your business is to apply a number of offers, newsletters, etc. to attract customers. Internet has tended to make reality more than ever the principle of "perfect competition " of capitalist society, in which a market operates in optimal conditions when the product information flows freely to consumers and the market is guided only by the invisible hand of supply and demand, as advocated Adam Smith .
markets are not really free, they have been influenced by the monopolies that are inclined to the merchant.
On the Internet, by contrast, national and international information available to the consumer, who may opt for the best option. For example, MySimon. com provides information for users to compare broadly the best deals.
Internet has reduced the problem of asymmetric information, it has leveled the balance of power between consumers and suppliers, changing, in a way, the rules of trade.
Subjects participating in the relationship business computing
The trade relationship in the world of Internet has a large number of subjects directly or indirectly involved in the transactions, but the most important are:
Searches:
Content Providers: They are the authors, publishers and other owners of rights to place their works on the network. Are primarily interested in conjunction with software companies in a strong copyright protection in the network.
Service Providers: This is the common name for two types of subjects:
- providers of services to users, and
- additional service providers, which in addition to access, provide certain services, such as page content, whether produced by themselves or by third parties.
Network Providers: Are those who provide the "access provider" and "host service provider , communication lines to lower the network information.
Users: are those who have access to information and use the various features of the network. It is consumers, who find that electronic commerce, saving time and money and more power of choice in the amount of information that are offered, with the advantage of not having to physically the merchant site. However, they also are faced with problems such as fraud, misleading and biased contracts. These potentials are particularly prone to damage the called " beginners" who are novice users, or those who are fighting for the first time a PC and their basic uses and enter the information networks. In this and in any transaction or no market is free.
(*) The information technology and communication (ICT) are a set of services, networks, software and devices that are aimed at improving the quality of lives of people within an environment, and integrate a system of interconnected and complementary information. ...
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