domination of al-Andalus by the Almoravids and Almohad empires failed to halt the advance of Christian territory. In 1118 the King of Aragon, Alfonso I the Battler conquered the city of Zaragoza, capital of the superior brand. This followed the conquest of Tudela and Tarazona in 1119, and Calatayud and Daroca in 1120. Another advance was the occupation major Christians throughout the Middle Valley Ebro
The Almohad rule must also yield to the relentless Christian, especially after the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212. The collapse of Almohad power facilitated the reconquest of the Levant lands by James I the Conqueror, with the capture of Valencia in 1238, and the Guadalquivir valley by Fernando III, which carries the conquest of Cordoba in 1236, and Seville, in 1248.
After the final collapse of Almohad power only could survive, thanks to agreements with the Castilian king, a dynasty, that of the Nazarene (1232-1492), who in 1237 chose as its capital Granada. Nasrid built a new palace city at the Alhambra on the hill Sabika, dominating the lands of Andalusia High. The Andalusian art reached then, with the monumental of the Alhambra and the Generalife, the maximum expression. With Granada ends and closes the history of al-Andalus and the Islamic art in Spain. Thus, for eight centuries, medieval Spain was divided unevenly and evolving relationship between Christianity and Islam, two opposing political and religious cultures.
Moorish Palace of Alhambra, Granada, Spain (fourteenth century) . Patio de los Leones.
Reading offered at the School of Architecture at the University of Notre Dame in South Bend, Indiana (USA), 28 January 2011.
Autor: Pablo Álvarez Funes
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